From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ningbo (simplified Chinese: 宁波; traditional Chinese: 寧波; pinyin: Níngbō; Wade-Giles: Ning-po; literally "Tranquil Waves") is a seaport city situated in the Yangtze River Delta with sub-provincial administrative status. The city has a population of 2,182,000 and is situated in northeastern Zhejiangprovince, China. Lying south of the Hangzhou Bay, and facing the East China Sea to the east, Ningbo borders Shaoxing to the west and Taizhou to the south, and is separated from Zhoushan by a narrow body of water.
Etymology
Níng (宁) - Serene; bō (波) - Waves; Together - Serene Waves. The city is abbreviated Yong (甬). The abbreviation Ning is used for Nanjing.
History
Ningbo was one of China's oldest cities with a history dating back to 4800 B.C. the Hemudu culture. Ningbo was known as a trade city on the silk road at least 2000 years ago, and then as a major port along with Yangzhou and Guangzhou in the Tang Dynasty; thereafter, the major ports for foreign trade in the Song Dynasty. Ningbo was one of the five Chinese treaty ports opened by the Treaty of Nanjing (signed in 1842) at the end of the First Opium War between Britain and China. During the war, British forces took possession of the walled city of Ningbo briefly after storming the fortified town of Zhenhai at the mouth of the Yong River on October 10, 1841. In 1864 the forces of the Taiping Rebellion held the town for six months. In March 1885, during the Sino-French War, Admiral Courbet's naval squadron blockaded several Chinese warships in Zhenhai Bay and exchanged fire with the shore defences.
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The rail spur from Hangzhou through Shaoxing ends at NINGBO (Calm Waves), an important economic hub and ocean-going port in the northeast corner of the province. Despite being a port, the city is actually set some 20km inland, at the point where the Yuyao and Yong rivers meet to flow down to the ocean together. All around you'll see flat watery plain and paddy fields, and, along the heavily broken and indented shoreline, the signs of local salt-panning and fishing industries. Ningbo today would hardly be worth a special journey, except that it is a vital staging post for the trip to the nearby island of Putuo Shan . If you're passing through, however, there are one or two features of interest, in the interesting Tianyige Library and in the monasteries in the countryside beyond the city.
Ningbo possesses a short but eventful history. Under the Tang in the seventh century, a complicated system of locks and canals was first installed, to make the shallow tidal rivers here navigable, and at the end of the twelfth century a breakwater was built to protect the port. From that time onwards,
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Ningbo is located at the middle part of China’s coastline and south flank of the Yangtze River Delta, bordering on Shanghai and Hangzhou.
Ningbo is one of the cities opening up to the outside world, an independently planning-city enjoying the same rights as those of a provincial government in economic management, “a large city” entitled to formulate local laws and regulations, and a famous historic city with rich cultural heritage. It covers an area of 9,365 sq.km and has a population of 5.43 million. The jurisdiction of Ningbo City encompasses two counties (Xiangshan and Ninghai), three county-level cities (Yuyao, Cixi and Fenghua) and six urban districts (Haishu, Jiangdong, Jiangbei, Zhenhai, Beilun and Yinzhou).
Ningbo boasts a long history. It is the birthplace of the “Neolithic Hemudu Culture” dating back more than 7,000 years. Ningbo has been a well-known
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Ningbo is located at the middle part of China’s coastline and on the eastern part of Ning-shao Plain in Zhejiang Province, i.e., east longitude from 120°55′ to 122°16′ and north latitude 28°51′ to 30°33′. With Zhoushan Archipelago as its natural barrier in the east, bordering Hangzhou Bay in the north and Sanmen Bay in the south, adjacent to Shaoxing city in the west and connecting with Taizhou city, Ningbo covers a total area of 9,365 sq.km including the urban area of 1,033 sq.km.
Ningbo possesses two main mountain ranges within its boundaries, Siming Mountain and Tiantai Mountain. As one of the eight river systems of Zhejiang province, Ningbo is rich in water resources for occupying Yuyao river, Fenghua River, Yongjiang River etc. Ningbo has a long coastline, with tortuous
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